Fur-cutting machine



M. ZAWISTOWSKI.

FUR CUTTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 27, l9l8.

Patented May 25, 1920.

2 SHEETSSHEET m nucmtq'c S761, W4 wanna M. ZAWIS TOWSKI.

FUR CUTTING MACHINE.

APPLICATION FILED JULYZY, 1918.

Patented May 25, 1920.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2- III'IIII/ anuemtoz 7 through the machine.

MARTIN ZAWISTOWSKI, 0F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK.

FUR-CUTTING MACHINE- 1,34t1l,4l5.

Application filed July 27,

To all whom it may concern: I

Be it known that I, MARTIN ZAWIs'roWsKI, a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Brooklyn, in the county of Kings and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fur- Cutting Machines, of which the following is a specification.

In the making of garments and other articles of pieces of fur cut to the desired shape and sewed together, it is common practice, with certain kinds of fur, to form serrations or notches of approximately uniform size and spacing along the edges of the piece and fit and sew the serrations of abutting edges together so that the seam is a zigzag one and less noticeable beneath the hair. My invention is a machine for producing such serrations or notches and although certain features of the machine particularly adapt it for cutting fur or long nap material, it may be used on any fabric, paper, or other sheet material. Important objects of my invention are to avoid the necessity of marking each cut on the material and cutting by handto the line as is common practice; to avoid the necessity of clamping thematerial in place before cutting; and to permit a straight or curved edge of, any length to be serrated as the material is fed One of the important features of my invention is a reciprocatory knife so mounted and driven that after each cutting stroke it is turned and ,makes the next succeeding cut at the desired angle, for instance 90 tothe last preceding cut, as the material is fed through the machine in a direction substantially at right angles to the bisector of the angle etween two adjacent cuts. A. further important feature of my invention .involves means for intermittently feeding the material through the machine step by step, the feeding movements. being timed in respect to the operation of the reciprocating and oscillating cutter so that a continuous zigzag cut'is produced. As a further important feature of. my invention I provide a wheel having on its periphery a .zigzag slot correspondingto the serrations to be cut in the fur or other material,'the periphery of the wheel serving as a support against which the material is pressed during the stroke of the cutter, to advance the material Specification of Letters Patent. pat gntgd M 25 12 8 1918. Serial No. 246,957.

by the rotation of the wheel between successive cutting strokes, and to permit the movement of the hair away from the hide during the cutting of the latter so that the hair, normally projecting across the path of the knife, is not cut or injured.

In the accompanying drawings I have illustrated one embodiment of my invention but as various changes in the details of construction and the arrangement of parts may be made within the scope of my invention as defined in the appended claims, I desire this form to be considered in an illustrative rather than in a limiting sense. Ihe mechanical equivalents may be substituted for various specific features illustrated without effecting the efiiciency of the machine or its principles of operation.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a machine embodying my invention, most of the supporting parts or the operating mechanism being shown in section on the vertical longitudinal center line of the machine.

Fig. 2 is a central longitudinal section.

'Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are sectional details on the lines, 3-3, 1, and 55 respectively of Fig. 2.

Fig. 6 is a sectional detail ofthe feeding and material supporting wheel.

Fig. 7 is a view of a form of knife which ma be employed, and

ig. 8 is a fragmentary edge view of the Wheel.

I have illustrated the Working parts of my improved machine supported in a frame somewhat similar to that of an ordinary sewing machine. On the table or'platform 10 is supported a hollow upright or standard 11 from which projects a hollow arm 12 carrying a head 12*. These may be formed integral of cast metal if desired. A substantially horizontal main drive shaft 13 is journaled in the arm 12 and has on its outer end a drive pulley 14 receiving power through a belt 15 from an electric motor, afoot treadle, or any other source of power. Be-

through the standard or upright 11 and may be of any suitable character, as for instance, gears, sprockets and chain, or other means which will prevent slippage or any material lost motion. As shown, the two shafts have sprocket wheels 17 and 18 over which extends a belt 19. It is evident that the pulley 1.4 may be on the shaft 16 instead of pn the shaft 13. Mounted for reciprocation within the head 12 is a vertically disposed cutter-- .bar 20, having at its lower end a knife or "tally mounted on the face thereof so as to 3. disk is a link 23, the point of attachment of i swing in a plane parallel to the face of the the link to the disk being eccentric in respect to the axis 13. The opposite end of the link is pivoted to a yoke 24: secured to the bar 20 so that during the rotation of the shaft and its disk, the bar is reciprocated. The desired range of movement of the cutter bar may be varied by varying the eccentricity of the point of attachment of the link to the disk-.'

To cut the successive sides of the notches or serrations, I provide means for oscillating the cutter about its axis through an angle corresponding to the angle between the sides of the serrations. I have illustrated such angle as approximately 90. Various means may be employed for effecting this intermittent oscillation each time the cutter is in raised position and holding it against oscillation while the cutter is at the lower end of its stroke or in the work. Merely as an example of such means, I have illustrated a slide including a frame 25 encircling the shaft 16, supporting pins 26 mounted to slide in bearings 27 depending from the table, and an upwardly extending rod 28. The frame 25, supporting pins 26, and rod 28 are rigid in respect to each other and might be made integral. Within the frame 25 the shaft 16 has a cam 29 of such form that the slide is moved intermittently first in one direction and then in the other and "is held stationary for a considerable period of time after each movement. As the shaft 16 is rotated at only one half the speed of the shaft 13 this cam is so designed and so timed that it gives the slide a move-' ment in each direction during a complete rotation of the shaft 16 and these movements occur while the cutter is at or adjacentv to'the upper end of each stroke. The cutter bar 20 has a head 21 mounted to oscillate thereon and carrying an arm 30 rigid. therewith and operatively connected to the upwardly projecting portion of the rod 28. The arm 30 is suitably slotted or formed of telescoping sections so that as the rod 28 is moved back and forth with the slide it will swing the arm 30 and oscillate the cutter bar. The throw of the cam is such in respect to the distance between the plane of movement of the slide and the axis of the cutter bar that the arm 30 is swung through approximately 90, as illustrated particularly in Fig. 5. The arm is shown as made of two sectionsone integral with the head 21 and the other 30 telescoping thereon and slidable on the rod 28.

F or supporting the material against the. action of the cutter and for advancing the material, I provide a supporting and feeding wheel 31 mounted on' the shaft 16 and with its upper edge substantially flush or slightly above the plane of the table or other support over which the material passes. This Wheel may be formed of two similar sections 32 and 33 secured to a sleeve 34 and having peripheral wall portions spaced apart to leave a zigzag slot 35 slightly wider than the thickness of the knife and with each straight portion of the slot of a length substantially equal to the width of the knife. Along each edge of the slot and preferably along the opposite edges of the peripheral face of the wheel are series of projections 36 which hold the slide away from the main surface of the wheel but effectively support it and prevent the hair on the under side of the hide from being clamped and held between the hide and the peripheral wall of the wheel. Thus the hairs may swing away from the hide and will not be cut during the downstroke of the knife into the registering slot on the wheel. Means are provided for rotating the wheel intermittently so as to feed the material forward when the cutter is in raised position,

necessary to rotate the wheel through such angular distance as will advance the slot one complete notch during each alternate downstroke or cutting stroke of the cutter.

For instance, with the axis of the cutter bar above the point a in Fig. 5, the cutter bar would descend once in the slot portion 6, ascend, rotate through 90, descend through theslot portion a and then ascend. Before the next descent of the cutter, the wheel would be rotated to the position shown in Fig. 5. If the cutter extended to equal distances upon opposite sides of the axis of the cutter bar and said axis was in the medial plane of the wheel, then it would be necessary to advance the wheel a distance equal to one half the width of each notch or serration between each two successive cutting strokes. Various means may be provided for eflecting this intermittent rotation of the supporting and feeding wheel 31; As

shown, the wheel has a ratchet Wheel 38 rigidly secured thereto and the wheel sup-' rotates at only one half the speed of the shaft 13 this will advance the wheel 31 once for each two cutting strokes of the blade. The cam thus has a feeding movement through the pawl only while the cutter is at the upper end of every alternate downstroke. Suitable means may be employed if desired for holding the wheel stationary during return movement of the pawl and for limiting each forward feeding-"movement. l Vith the material advanced for each successive cutting stroke as above suggested, a separate cam would be provided of such shape as to give two separate feed move ments to the pawl 42 with intervals there between during each complete rotation of the shaft 16.

For maintaining the material in proper engagement with the upper exposed peripheral portion of the feed wheel 31 I provide a suitable pressure foot. This is illustrated in the form of a pair of rollers 45 mounted on horizontal axes, one in advance of the cutter and the other beyond it. These rollers are mounted in suitable yokes ft carried by a pressure foot bar l7 slidable in the head 12. The rollers may be held down solely by gravity, but preferably by a spring, such for instance as a coil spring 48 on the pressure foot bar. These rollers hold the material against projections on the peripheral surface of the wheel and as they are smooth and free to rotate about their axes, they insure the advancement of the material with the wheel during the rotation of the latter. I V

For removing any hair or fragments which might adhere to the periphery of the wheel or the teeth or projections 1 preferably provide a brush 50. This may be of any suitable character but is illustrated as a rotary one driven from the shaft 16 by a belt 51. Particles that fall into the interior of the wheel from the cutter may fall out or be brushed out at the lower side'of the wheel. The end walls of the wheel may be made of skeleton form as shown in Fig. 8 to reduce weight and facilitate cleaning of the interior.

My improved machine may be operated from any suitable source of power and the frame may be so designed that the operator sits in front of it and draws the material through or feeds it through away from him asin the ordinary sewing machine, or the operator may sit at the end of the machine so as to better hold the material both in advance of and behind the part being cut. The

material may be guided through the machine so as to form a straight or curved row of serrations. It is not .necessaryto mark any of these serrations on the material but only to mark or indicate the line of one series of apexes thereof. It is thought that the operation of the machine will be clearly aparent from the foregoing description, and

that the principles of the machine will be fully understood from the description of this one specific embodiment thereof.

It will be evident that I might have a pair of the reciprocatory cutter bars and cutters connected together for simultaneous reciprocation and oscillation and spaced apart a distance equal to the width of a serration so that two cuts would be made by each downstro'ke and two complete serrations cut by each pair of strokes. Tn this case, it is evident that the wheel should be rotated a distance equal to two serrations after each pair of cutting strokes. ft will also be evident that instead of a flat knife of the character shown in Fig. 7, a lf-shaped knife might be every cutting stroke. Various other changes and modifications may be made as will be evident to those skilled in the art.

Having thus described my invention what T claim as new and desire to secure by Let ters Patent is:

l. A machine of the class described, including a wheel having a zigzag slot in the periphery thereof, a reciprocatory knife, means for reciprocating the knife and rotating the wheel whereby the knife enters the successive sections of the zigzag slot in succession.

2. A machine of the class described, including a wheel having a zigzag slot in the periphery thereof,- a reciprocatory knife, means for reciprocating the knife and rotat ing the wheel whereby the knife enters the successive sections of the zigzag slot in succession, and means for maintaining a sheet of material in engagement with the periphery of the wheel during the rotation of the latter, whereby a zigzag cut is made in the material corresponding to the slot in the wheel.

3. A machine of the class described, in-

cluding a wheel having a zigzag slot in the periphery thereof, means for intermittently rotating said wheel through an angular distance corresponding to the distance between successive points of said slot, and a knife mounted to enter the successive portions of the slot between successive rotary movements of the wheel.

5. In a machine of the class described,

having a reciprocatory cutter, a wheel having its periphery formed to receive said outter, a pair of rollers for holding sheet mate-' rial againsta portion of the periphery of the wheel, and means for advancing the wheel.

6. In a machine of the class described, having a reciprocatory cutter, a wheel having its periphery formed to receive said cut ter, a pair of rollers for holding sheet material against a portion of the periphery of the wheel, and means for advancing the wheel, said wheel having a series of projec tions for engagement withv the material to insure its advancement with the wheel during the rotation of the latter. 7. A machine of the class described, having a rotary work advancing and supporting wheel, provided with a zigzag knife receiving slot in the periphery thereof, and projections at opposite sides of the slot for supporting sheet material out of engagement with the peripheral surface of the wheel and preventing the clamping of nap or hair on the material against the body of the wheel.

8. A machine for forming a continuous zig-zag cut in sheet material including a reciprocatory oscillatory cutter, and means for feeding a sheet of material there beneath to such distances between successive cutting strokes that each cut at its ends will meet the ends of adjacent cuts at an angle to form a series'of serrations along the edge of the sheet.

9. A machine (for forming a series of serrations on a sheet of material, including a cutter of materially less width than the sheet 10. A machine for forming serrations on a sheet of material, including a reciprocatory cutter, means for turning said cutter about an axis parallel to the direction of the cutting stroke and intersecting oneend of the cutting edge,-said turning movement being efi'ected between successive cutting strokes so as to make a V cut, and means for advancing the'material after each two suc- 'catory knife, means for turning the knife before every cutting stroke and about an axis intersecting the cutting edge at right angles to the plane of the material, and means for advancing the material between cutting strokes to such a' distance that suc-' cessive cuts made before and after advancement intersect at an angle.

12. A machine for forming serrations on a sheet of material, including a reciprocatory cutter, means for turning said cutter through approximately 90 after a cutting stroke so that two successive cutting strokes make a right angle V cut, and means for advancing the material after eachtwo successive cuts to a distance equal to the distance between the extremities of a V cut. 7, 13. A machine for cutting a zig-zag line, including a reciprocatory cutter, means for turning it about an axis intersecting its cutting edge and substantially at right angles to the plane of the material to be cut, and means for intermittently advancing the material, the extent of each advancement being equal to the projection of the cut in the plane of the material and in a direction at right angles to the path of movement of the material whereby cuts made before and after advancement intersect to form a continuous zigzag line.

14. A machine of the class described, in cluding a work support, a reciprocatory cutter bar, a pair of parallel shafts geared to= gether, one being disposed above the support and the other below, means operated from the upper shaft for reciprocating the cutter bar, and means operated from the lower *shaft for turning the cutter about an axis parallel to the direction of a cutting stroke.

and a reciprocatory oscillatory cutter adapted to enter the successive sections of said slot as the latter advances with the work. 1 16. A machine of the class described, in-

cluding a work feeding member having a zigzag slot, a reciprocatory knife, means for advancing said feeding member beneath said knife, and means for turning said knife between successive reciprocations whereby it enters the successive sections of said slot and cuts a zigzag line in the material advanced by said feeding member. Y

Signed at New York, in the county of New York angd State of New York, this 18th day of July, A. D. 1918.

TIN ZASTOWSKJE, 

